Anabolic Steroid Replacement, Male Performance Enhancer & Prostate Support   FACTOR 3: VIRILITRAC    A male support formula and  anabolic steroid replacement with nutrients shown to stimulate the glandular system to elevate testosterone levels.
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Research Report

Holistic Recommendations     Validation of Ingredients      References

REASONS TO CONSIDER (OVERVIEW)

• Bodybuilders desiring enhancement of muscle mass, strength and endurance without synthetic steroids.
• Males who feel "strung-out" or experience a loss of virility.
• Men who suffer anxiety concerning sexual performance.
• Men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

   

  DOSAGE & DIRECTIONS

• Take 2 capsules daily with food on a consistent basis for maximum results. Results should be evident within 30 days, Do not take in evening or before bedtime. Allow 2 to 4 weeks for product to be fully assimilated by the glands and parasympathetic nervous system.

  
  CONTRAINDICATIONS & PRECAUTIONS

• Soreness in testicles caused by excessive dosage. Condition is alleviated by simply reducing dosage and has no toxic side effects. Excessive dosage may also promote aggressiveness.

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  Holistic Recommendations

   

  The Current State of Male Health

  It is now abundantly clear from current research that male vitality, virility, and well being are inordinately dependent on natural testosterone production, a healthy prostate, and assimilating the proper nutrients. A man cannot achieve nor maintain his potential by concentrating on only one aspect of male health and ignoring its other two essential components.

   

  Factor Three as a Male Performance Enhancer:

   

  While almost all men will experience some degree of sexual difficulty at one time or another, erectile dysfunction  otherwise known as impotence, affects more than 30 million men each year.₆₇

   

  Testosterone secretion begins to decline after males reach 26 to 28 years of age. Over age 60 one in three men are impotent estimates the National Institutes of Health! The normal reference range for testosterone is between 250 and 900 nanograms per deciliter of blood and varies considerable from individual to individual.
  
  There are three major causes of erectile dysfunction, two physical (organic) and the other psychological.
  
  The major physical cause is vascular obstruction or impairment of blood circulation to the penis. Erections are completely controlled by blood pressure and, therefore, the same clogged blood vessels that cause a heart attack can also cause a flaccid penis..
  
  Researchers examined 440 men, age 40 years and older, all with impotency and found that 92% of them had at least two major risk factors toward heart disease.₆₈
  
  Another physical sexual dysfunction is hypertension. At least half of the 50 million hypertensive individuals in the U.S. are on some type of medication to lower their blood pressure. Anti-hypertensive medications, anti-ulcer drugs, and lithium can induce erectile dysfunction.
  
  The major psychological reason for impotency is anxiety! Worry and anxiety make erections harder to get and sustain as they trigger the sympathetic nervous system. (The parasympathetic nervous system controls erections).
  
  Acute anxiety may be a symptom of hypoglycemia since controlling blood sugar is an important key to controlling anxiety.₆₉ High blood sugar, as a result of ingesting an over abundance of simple carbohydrates, can result in diabetes, obesity and impotency..
  
  Conventional allopathic doctors usually treat impotence by prescribing a drug regimen or performing surgery  but both have drawbacks.
  
  First and foremost, there is no single substance or drug that acts as an aphrodisiac because the human sexual response of erection and orgasm involves the brain, the nervous system, the spine, the circulatory system and the glandular system.
  
  Oral medications such as sildenafil citrate (Viagra®)  which enhances blood flow to the penis  are contraindicated in patients using organic nitrates and heart medications. One out of six patients experience headaches and  in addition to being expensive  Viagra® is not effective in three out of ten patients.₇₀
  
  Factor Three: Virilitrac offers most of the same therapeutic benefits as drug therapies without the severe side effects. In contrast to drug therapy, however, herbal based medications such as Factor Three take longer to bring about a result. Therefore, larger doses of herbal medicines are initially prescribed to reach therapeutic levels.
  
  Once the medication has a therapeutic effect, dosage can be lowered until the condition has been resolved. (Consult Dosage & Directions in this Report).
  
  Factor Three contains only those nutrients and botanical medicines with proven long-term effectiveness in providing metabolic support and good hormonal health required by the body to promote vitality and sustain effective sexual activity.
  
  Important Note: Factor Three - similar to Viagra® - has no effect in the absence of sexual stimulation. Libido remains regulated by the brain, only the ability to perform is enhanced.
  
  
  Factor Three as an anabolic steroid replacement:
  
  Testosterone is the most important androgen (hormone) in males. Androgens help develop primary and secondary sexual characteristics, increase strength and endurance, stimulate muscle growth and enhance sex drive. Testosterone is produced in the testes and, to a lesser degree, in the adrenal cortex and liver.
  
  When natural increases in testosterone are achieved and maintained, the effects on muscle growth is optimized. However, when synthetic testosterone (anabolic steroids) or precursor testosterone androgens (such as androstenedione) are introduced directly into the body they bypass the normal metabolic pathway to testosterone production.
  
  The body reacts to this artificial increase by shutting down natural testosterone production, often resulting in devastating side effects such as liver or heart disease, hair loss, atrophying gonads, or loss of sex drive.
  
  Testosterone levels can be increased naturally by exercise, diet, sexual activity, stress reduction, and exogenous supplementation.
  
  Factor Three: Virilitrac is a natural herbal based supplementation formulated to succor and stimulate the body's glandular system to increase testosterone secretions. It enjoys a long and successful history and has proven efficacious in elevating testosterone, enhancing virility and protecting the prostate.
  
  During August 1992, D.C.'s, D.O.' s, and M.D.'s began prescribing Factor Three: Virilitrac to their body building patients who were suffering from the stress and nervous anxiety encountered when coming off steroids.
  
  By March 1993, health professionals from across the United States and Canada began reporting that prolonged use (6 months or longer) of Factor Three: Virilitrac had significantly elevated serum testosterone levels in their athletic patients and appeared to be promoting a natural anabolic state in the body.
  
  In June 1998, Factor Three was reformulated utilizing newly researched Amazonian botanical extracts for increased potency.

   

  During August 2005, the key phyto-chemical extracts in the herbals utilized in Factor Three: Virilitrac were maximized to their full potency using the latest extraction technology available.

   

  In August 2010, Factor Three: Virilitrac was reformulated utilizing the latest in medical expertise and clinical research. More potent herbals were utilized to replace those that lacked sufficient documentation of efficacy and/or had undesirable side effects.
  
  Factor Three as a drug replacement to ameliorate Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH):
  
  The prostate is the most common site of disorders in the male genitourinary system. Enlargement of the prostate, known as Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) affects more than half of men between ages 40 to 50 and close to 90 percent of men by the age of 70.
  
  Vitamin E, zinc, and essential fatty acids such as found in Saw palmetto extract, are important to a man's normal sexual function.₇₁ All are needed to form both sperm and seminal fluid and are found in high levels in the prostate gland.
  
  Prostate enlargement or benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is hormonal in nature, caused by the conversion of testosterone to the extremely potent dihydro-testosterone. (DHT). This conversion is triggered by the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase. It is this excess of dihydrotestosterone which causes pathological prostate growth. Nettle root prevents the body from  converting testosterone into 5-alpha-reductase.

   

  Estrogen levels are also increased in men with BPH as estrogen attaches to receptors in enlarged prostate tissue. (Note: Testosterone increases as the prostate is 'normalized and the levels of DHT and estrogen falls.)
  
  Virilitrac also offers 25 mg of Zinc gluconate per tablet which AMA sponsored research has shown to be effective in relieving BPH as the prostate contains high concentrations of zinc. A deficiency may cause prostate enlargement.
  
  Holistic Recommendations for increased Vitality, Virility and Muscle Mass:
  
  1) Eat foods as close to their natural state as possible. There are over 2,800 FDA-approved additives with another 10,000 additives being "incidental" to the agriculture and food processing industry.₇₂
  
  2) Eat a wide variety of foods. Ensuring proper nutrition can maximize androgens and individuals who eat a varied diet have a better nutrient intake than those whose diet remains staid.₇₃
  
  3) Eat fish on a consistent basis. Individuals who eat at least two ounces of fish per week cut their heart disease risk in half!₇₄
  
  4) Balance the diet with the correct ratio of protein to fats and carbohydrates. Most individuals, especially athletes,  consume four to eight times more protein than they need each day!₇₅ Daily calories should be comprised of approximately 20% protein, 20% fat, and 60% carbohydrate, preferably complex carbohydrate.
  
  5) Drink 5 glasses of water daily. Water suppresses the appetite naturally and helps the body metabolize stored fat. Studies have shown that an increase in water intake can actually reduce fat deposits. Water also helps to prevent sagging skin. Skin cells are buoyed by water which pumps the skin and leaves it clear, healthy and resilient.₇₆
  
  6) Maintain ideal body fat composition. It is the quality of body weight, not the quantity, that has a positive bearing on health.₇₇ Ideal body fat percentage for men in their 20's should be 11% to 14%. For men over 50, this percentage should fall between 18% and 22%.
  
  7) Exercise regularly (at least 3 to 4 times per week). The body evolved, and is designed, to be active - not sedentary. Science has shown regular exercise lowers blood pressure and fats in the blood while improving blood glucose, alertness, self-image, absorption of nutrients, and life span.₇₈
  
  8) Supplementation. Take Factor Three: Virilitrac in the dosage recommended. In addition: Bodybuilders should consider augmenting this formulation with Factor Five: Osteo-X to maintain bone density and joint and connective tissue flexibility.
  
  9) Reduce or avoid alcohol consumption. Alcohol acts first as a stimulant - keeping you from getting an erection, and then as a sedative - keeping you from using it! Further, alcohol promotes nutritional deficiencies and lowers blood sugar.₇₉

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FACTOR THREE FORMULATION
Two Capsules Equal:

Validation of Ingredients

VITAMIN E (d-ALPHA TOCOPHEROL) is an antioxidant that improves circulation, reduces blood pressure, improves athletic performance and retards aging.₁

 

In a recent study of 29,133 men, those randomly assigned to take vitamin E had 32 percent fewer cases of prostate cancer and 41 percent fewer deaths from the disease after an average follow-up of six years. The study subjects were given 50 units of vitamin E as d-alpha tocopherol, the most biologically active form.₂

 

Vitamin E may aid in the prevention of premature heart disease by inhibiting the clumping of blood cell fragments called platelets that are associated with atherosclerosis.₃

 

VITAMIN B-1 (THIAMIN HCI) enhances circulation and assists in carbohydrate metabolism. Anything that increases the demand for the conversion of carbohydrate to energy such as exercise, sexual activity or carbohydrate foods will increase the likelihood of a deficiency of B-1.₄

VITAMIN B-2 (RIBOFLAVIN) facilitates oxygen use by the body tissues and is necessary for the activation and uptake of vitamin B-6.₅  It is necessary for red blood cell formation, antibody production, cell respiration and the normal release of energy from carbohydrate, protein, and fat in food.₆

VITAMIN B-6 (PYRIDOXINE HCI) is involved in the manufacture of most protein-related compounds. A deficiency of B-6 might encourage the formation of atherosclerosis as well as depression, irritability and nervousness.₇ A noted M.D. and nutritional scientist has written that the most common nutritional cause of impotency in young men is deficiency in both zinc and vitamin B-6. With adequate intake, potency should return.₈

VITAMIN B-12 (CYANOCOBALAMIN) helps the nervous system function properly and aides in molecule synthesis involved in energy production and in fatty acid biosynthesis.₉

 

It is now becoming clear that many neurological and psychiatric symptoms may also be caused by a vitamin B12 deficiency. Muscle weakness, incontinence, hypo-tension, vision problems, and mood disturbances are but a few of the disorders which have recently been linked to possible vitamin B12 deficiencies.₁₀

 

Vitamin B12 functions as a methyl donor and works with folic acid in the synthesis of DNA and red blood cells and is vitally important in maintaining the health of the insulation sheath (myelin sheath) that surrounds nerve cells.₁₁

 

The conventional way of correcting a vitamin B-12 deficiency has been through intramuscular injection of the vitamin. However, researchers at the Universities of Brussels and Antwerp report that oral administration of free vitamin B- 12 is effective in normalizing low vitamin B-12 levels.₁₂

PANTOTHENIC ACID (AS CALCIUM PANTOTHENATE) is known as the "anti-stress" vitamin. This vitamin is needed to produce vital steroids and cortisone in the adrenal gland and may be helpful in treating depression and anxiety.₁₃

ZINC (GLUCONATE) supplementation can increase testosterone levels in "normal" healthy people who have only a mild zinc deficiency.₁₄ A recent study confirms this association between zinc intake and t-level increase.₁₅ The study found that when 11 volunteers consumed 1.4 mg of zinc per day for 35 days, serum testosterone levels were significantly lower than when the same 11 men ingested 10.4 mg per day. (The U.S. RDA is 15 mg a day and this formulation provides 25 mg).

Zinc is also important in prostate gland function as the prostate swells up without adequate zinc. Swollen prostate is a common problem as men age since this gland uses much zinc and is a deposition site for body zinc stores. Studies show that zinc supplements reduced the swelling of the prostate gland in many of the men tested.₁₆

CHROMIUM GTF is a bioactive source of the essential mineral chromium. Chromium stimulates the activity of enzymes involved in the metabolism of glucose for energy and the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol. It is stored primarily in the spleen, kidneys, and testes.₁₇

A double-blind study was conducted in young off-season football players participating in a 6-week weight training program. Chromium Picolinate more than doubled the net benefits of exercise alone.₁₈

 

Without chromium, blood fats tend to rise because the liver cannot filter them out. GTF works with insulin to transport glucose from the blood into the cells required for energy.₁₉

DAMIANA (TURNERA APHRODISIACA EXTRACT) has one of the strongest reputations for building enhanced sexual activity which can be traced to the ancient Mayans.₂₀ Damiana leaf contains beta-sitosterol and various aromatic oils that could have some stimulant effect on the sexual apparatus or could help build sexual health and reproductivity.₂₁

In Holland, Damiana is renown for its sexual enhancing qualities and positive effect on the reproductive organs.₂₂

 

The British Herbal Pharmacopoeia cites the use of Damiana for anxiety neurosis with a predominant sexual factor, depression, nervous dyspepsia, and coital inadequacy.₂₃

SUMA ROOT (PFAFFIA PANICULATA) 4:1 EXTRACT contains high levels of the anabolic phytochemical compounds beta-ecdysterone and ecdysteroid glycosides. Suma has been called "The Russian Secret" because it is taken by Russian Olympic athletes to increase muscle-building and endurance without the side effects associated with steroids.₂₄ This action is attributed to the anabolic ecdysteroid glycosides which are found in high amounts in Suma.₂₅

 In herbal medicine in Ecuador today, Suma is considered a tonic for the cardiovascular and reproductive systems and is used to treat sexual dysfunction and sterility.₂₆

In Europe, Suma is used to restore glandular functions, to balance the endocrine system, and to strengthen the immune system.₂₇

Suma is considered a tonic and an "adaptogen," an agent that normalizes bodily functions during stressful situations that might alter those functions, helping the body to adapt and return to an overall sense of well-being.₂₈

STINGING NETTLE ROOT (URTICA DIOCIA) 4:1 EXTRACT is used widely  in Europe to treat BPH. Studies in people suggest that stinging nettle, in combination with other herbs (especially Pygeum bark), may be effective at relieving symptoms such as reduced urinary flow, incomplete emptying of the bladder, post urination dripping, and the constant urge to urinate.₂₉

 

The effect of nettle root on lowering dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels has also made it a treatment for hair loss, as male pattern balding has often been linked to an excess of DHT. In folklore it was always believed that nettles were an effective treatment for baldness and modern science appears to validate this belief.₃₀

Laboratory studies have shown stinging nettle to be more effective than the drug finasteride in slowing the growth of certain prostate cells.₃₁

Prostate enlargement or benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is hormonal in nature, caused by the conversion of testosterone to the extremely potent dihydro-testosterone. (DHT). This conversion is triggered by the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase which usually occurs in men after 40.It is this excess of dihydrotestosterone which causes pathological prostate growth. Nettle prevents the body from converting testosterone into 5-alpha-reductase.₃₂

Nettle also contains large amounts of silicon and boron that ease symptoms of bursitis, arthritis, and tendonitis.₃₃

SCHISANDRA BERRY EXTRACT (5% SCHIZANDRINS) is a medicinal herb from the Orient, has valid claims as an anti-fatigue agent which may help to accelerate restorative processes within the human body.₃₄

This incredible herb acts as both a stimulant (without being excitatory like amphetamine or caffeine)₃₅ as well as an antidepressant which may prove useful for reversal of CNS depression.₃₆ Hunters in the wilds of Eastern Siberia still use this plant in the form of a tea to provide them with extra energy when hunting.₃₇

Extensive animal and in vitro studies using whole Schisandra have shown a protective effect for carbon tetrachloride and acetaminophen poisoning, and a beneficial effect on the hepatic glutathione antioxidant system.₃₈

PYGEUM BARK (PYGEUM AFRICANUM) 4:1 EXTRACT, an anti-inflammatory that serves a duel purpose, has been prescribed by European doctors for decades.₃₉ Pygeum contains three active compounds that aid prostate health:

Pentacyclic triterpenoids (ursolic and oleanic acids) together with phystosterols (beta-sitosterol)  help inhibit inflammation, reduce swelling of the prostate, and increase the integrity of small veins and capillaries.₄₀

Ferulic esters (docosanol and tetracosanol) help rid the prostate of any cholesterol deposits that typically accompany prostate enlargement.₄₁

Pygeum bark extract has also been utilized as a natural treatment for male infertility. Pygeum' s effects on male fertility appear to result from its effects on prostatic secretions where studies have shown a beneficial effect of Pygeum on prostatic fluid pH.₄₂

A clinical study of Pygeum extract demonstrated beneficial prostate effects for one month after use was discontinued. The study concluded that treatment of BPH with 50 mg of Pygeum africanum bark extract twice a day compares favorably with other medical treatments, is safe, and does not cause unpleasant side effects.₄₃

Pygeum is now listed on Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. In many areas it's been harvested nearly into extinction. Because Pygeum is endangered, many countries in Africa have banned harvesting it. The short supply has caused prices to increase prohibitively and many prostate supplement makers have simply stopped using it. Or, worse, only trace amounts, just enough to list on the label, are utilized. It's insufficient to do the patient any good; it's there for "show".₄₄

ASIAN GINSENG ROOT (STANDARDIZED FOR 5% GINSENOSIDES) is a root herb whose aphrodisiac properties have been prized for centuries with a 5,000-year old track record and concrete scientific data to prove its value. Ginseng has been shown to stimulate the central nervous system₄₅ and the immune system,₄₆ increase stamina and vigor,₄₇ improve coordination and reflexes,₄₈ improve oxygen capacity of the lungs,₄₉ improve blood flow and mental abilities,₅₀ and enhance sex hormone production.₅₁

Highly controlled research has substantially verified that Ginseng enhances both the quality and quantity of bull's sperm as well as stimulates the reproductive function of bulls.₅₂, ₅₃

Ginseng, when used on a daily basis, gradually builds up the body's ability to resist fatigue and studies on the anti-fatigue (and anti-stress) properties are substantial.₅₄

TONGKAT ALI ROOT (EURYCOMA LONGIFOLIA JACK) 4:1 EXTRACT is derived from a plant from the Simaroubaceace family, has been used as an aphrodisiac. It is claimed to increase male sexual prowess and to be effective in treating ED. In rats, Tongkat Ali was found to increase the number and frequency of sexual intercourse episodes, duration of sexual performance, and ejaculations.₅₅

A 2003 study by researchers in the Department of Exercise Physiology at the University of Malaya in Kuala Lumpur, which was presented in the British Journal of Sports Medicine reported results that Eurycoma longifolia caused increased muscle strength and size when compared to a placebo.₅₆

Over the past few years there have been a considerable number of studies (particularly in rodents) that have tested Tongkat ali in relation to sexual effects and muscle enhancement. The results have been quite positive but more human trials need to be conducted.₅₇

RAW TESTICULAR CONCENTRATE has been found in clinical observations to help those cells in the body that are similar to it since raw bovine orchic is organ-specific rather than species-specific.₅₈ Using radioactive isotope tracing, Dr. A. Kment of Germany discovered that glandular tissues were absorbed by the bloodstream and deposited for use and support in the corresponding glands of the recipient.₅₉ The testicular glandular utilized in this formulation has been processed in the raw state to preserve the maximum nutrients and proteins inherent in such glands.

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References

1. Balch, JF, Prescription for Nutritional Healing, p 6, 1990
2. Albanes, D., Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Mar 1998

3. Bolton-Smith, C, et al., FASEBJ, vol 5, p. 715, 1991

4. Somer, E, Essential Guide to Vitamins and Minerals, p. 38, 1992
5. Ibid, pp. 41-43

6. Kaul, L, et al., Nutrition & Cancer, vol 9, pp. 123-128, 1987

7. Ibid, pp. 49-50
8. Pfeiffer, CC, Mental and Elemental Nutrition, p. 471, 1975

9. Lapp CW, Cheney PR. The rationale for using high-dose cobalamin (vitamin B12). CFIDS Chronicle Physicians’ Forum, 1993;Fall:19–20

10.Delva, Vitamin B12 replacement, Canadian Family Physician, Vol. 43, May 1997, pp. 917-22

11. Joosten, Etienne, et al. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 58, No. 3, September 1993, pp. 468-76

12. Verhaeverbeke, I., et al. Normalization of low vitamin B-12 serum levels by oral treatment. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, Vol. 45, No. 1, January 1997, p. 124
13. Balch, JF, Prescription for Nutritional Healing, p. 6, 1990
14. Hartoma, G, et al., Lancet, vol. 2, p. 1125, 1977
15. Hunt, CD, et al., American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 56, pp. 148-157, 1992
16. Fahim, M, et al., Federation Proceedings, vol 35, no 3, p. 361, Mar 1, 1976
17. Dunne, LJ, Nutrition Almanac, 3rd Ed., Nutrition Search, Inc., McGraw-Hill, NY, p. 70, 1990
18. Evans, GW,Int. J. Biosoc Med Research, vol II, pp.163-80, 1989

19. Kobla HV, Volpe SL. Chromium, exercise, and body composition. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2000 Jul;40(4):291-308 2000.

20. Roys, RL, The Ethno-Botany of the Maya, Pub 2, Middle America Research Series, Tulane University, p. 265, 1931

21. Mowrey, DB, The Scientific Validation of Herbal Medicine, p. 152, 1986

22. Steinmetz, E.F., Acta Phytother., vol 7, no. 1, 1960

23. Rowland, DL, et al, "A review of plant-derived and herbal approaches to the treatment of sexual dysfunctions." J Sex Marital Ther. 2003 May-Jun; 29(3); 185-205

24. Schwontkowski, D, "Herbal Treasures from the Amazon", A series of three articles published in Healthy & Natural Journal, 1994-95
25. Nishimoto, N, et al., Constituents of "Brazil ginseng" and Pfaffia species, Tennen Yuki Kogobutsu Toronkai Keon Yoshishu, vol 10, pp. 17-24, 1988 (Japan)
26. Los Productos Naturales, 5th Ed., Mundo Naturista, Quito, Ecuador, 1992
27. Bartram, T, Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine, Ed Grace Pub. Dorset, England, 1995
28. Oshima, M., et al. “Pfaffia paniculata-induced changes in plasma estradiol-17beta, progesterone and testosterone levels.” J. Reprod. Dev. 2003 Apr; 49(2): 175-80

29. Koch E., Planta Med. 2001;67(6):489-500.

30. Rakel D. Integrative Medicine, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier Inc.; 2007:70.

31. Pittler MH. Complementary therapies for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia. FACT. 2000;5(4):255-257.

32. Wilt TJ, Ishani A, Rutks I, MacDonald R. Phytotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Public Health Nutr. 2000;3(4A):459-472.

33. Safarinejad MR., J Herb Pharmacother. 2005;5(4):1-11.

34. Weiner, M, Weiner's Guide to Herb Medicine, p. 256, 1992
35. Volicer, L, et al., Arch. International Pharmeodyn Therapy, vol 163, p. 249, 1966
36. Hanke, JL, et al., Planta Medicia, vol 6, pp. 542-543, 1986
37. Weiner, M, Weiner's Guide to Herb Medicine, p. 256, 1992

38. American Botanical Council, Herbal Gram, 2010

39. Strong K.,  Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapy. 2004;4(1):41-46

40. Murray, MT, The Healing Power of Herbs. Rocklin, CA, Prima Publishing, 1995, 286-93

41. Hass MA, Nowak DM, Phytomedicine. 1999 Nov;6(5):379-88

42. Meletis C, Barker J. Natural ways to enhance male fertility Alternative & Complementary Therapies. 2004;February:22-27.

43. Breza J, Dzurny O, Efficacy and Acceptability of Pygeum africanum Extract in the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Current Medical Research and Opinion. 1998, vol. 14, no. 3:127-139.

44. American Botanical Council, Herbal Gram, 2010

45. Kucherenki, TM, Papers on the Study of Ginseng, pp. 237-240, 1963
46. Odashima, S,, Gan To Kagaku Ryoho, pp. 1483-1489, Apr 16, 1989
47. McCaleb, R, Herbal Gram, vol 16, pp. 8-12, 1987
48. Darling, E, et al., Notabene Medici, vol 10, no 5, p. 241, 1980
49. Forgo, I, et al., Medizinische Welt, vol 32, no 19, p. 751, 1981
50. Hyuchenok, RY, Medicines of the Far East, U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Viadivostok, pp. 83-85, 1972

51. Tanaka, O, et al., Fortschritte Der Chemie Organischer Naturstoffe, vol 46, p. 1, 1984
52. Dardymov, IV, Lek. Srd. Dal'nego Vostoka, Vol. II, pp. 60-65, 1972
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54. Berdyshev, VV, Voenno Meditsinskii, vol 2, pp. 48-51, 1981

55. Low WY, Tan HM. Asian traditional medicine for erectile dysfunction J Men Health Gender. 2007; 4(3):245-250.

56. Hamzah S, Yusof A (October 2003).  The Ergogenic Effects of Eurycoma Lonifolia Jack: A Pilot Study.  Br. J. Sports Med. 37: 464–70

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67. American Pharm. Assoc., Pharmacy Today, vol 4, no. 5, May 1998
68. Virag, R, et al., Lancet, p. 183, January 26, 1985
69. Salzer, HR, Journal of the National Medical Association, vol. 58, No. 1, pp. 12-17, January 1966
70. "Oral agent for erectile dysfunction", Pharmacy Today, vol 4, no. 5, May 1998
71. Mbizvo, M, "Seminal plasma levels in fertile and infertile men." S. African Medical Journal, vol 71, p. 266, 1987
72. Long, P, et al., Nutrition: An Inquiry into the Issues, p. 389, 1983
73. Randell, E, et al., J. Amer. Dietetic Assoc., vol 85, p. 830, July 1985
74. Kromhout, D, et al., New England J. of Med., vol 312, May 9, 1985
75. Haas, R, Eat to Win, New American Library, p. 23, 1983
76. Robertson, DS, The Snowbird Diet, Warner Books, 1988
77. William, E, et al., Biomarkers, p. 53-58, 1992
78. Taylor, CD, et al., Public Health Reports, vol 100, no 2, p. 195, Mar 1986
79. Belfer, ML,, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol 25, p. 540, 1971

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